Glutathione is a metabolic & longevity research compound currently in stock directly from a verified Chinese manufacturer. Every batch is HPLC-verified and shipped with a Certificate of Analysis (COA). Sourcing is direct — no intermediaries. Minimum order value is $600 USD. International shipping available.
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant intracellular low-molecular-weight thiol and the primary antioxidant buffer in mammalian cells, present at millimolar concentrations in the cytosol, mitochondria, and nucleus. The tripeptide structure — γ-Glu-Cys-Gly — is synthesized in two ATP-dependent enzymatic steps by glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL, rate-limiting) and glutathione synthetase (GS). The cysteine thiol (–SH) is the redox-active center, enabling glutathione to reduce disulfide bonds, scavenge free radicals, conjugate electrophilic compounds via glutathione-S-transferases, and serve as the substrate for glutathione peroxidases (GPx) protecting against lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide.
Research applications for glutathione span oxidative stress biology, liver research, immune function, and neuroscience. In hepatocyte research, GSH is the primary defense against oxidative hepatotoxicity — liver cells maintain high cytosolic GSH concentrations, and depletion models (using BSO or acetaminophen) followed by GSH repletion experiments are standard in hepatotoxicity research. In neurological research, brain GSH depletion has been studied in models of Parkinson's disease, where substantia nigra GSH deficiency is an early biochemical finding. Immunologically, T cell activation and proliferation are sensitive to intracellular GSH levels, making glutathione a tool in immune cell biology research.
PeptidesFromChina.co supplies reduced glutathione (GSH) as a lyophilized powder at 99%+ purity, verified by HPLC. Certificate of Analysis accompanies every batch. All products are for laboratory research use only and are not for human consumption.
| Chemical Class | Tripeptide thiol antioxidant (γ-glutamyl peptide) |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GSH, Glutathione reduced, γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, L-Glutathione |
| Sequence | γ-Glu-Cys-Gly (non-standard γ-peptide bond at Glu) |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₀H₁₇N₃O₆S |
| Molecular Weight | 307.3 Da |
| CAS Number | 70-18-8 |
| PubChem CID | 124886 |
| Research Areas | Oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity models, neuroscience, immune cell biology, redox biochemistry |
| Form | Lyophilized powder (reduced form, GSH) |
| Storage | −20°C long-term; protect from air/oxygen; 2-8°C aqueous (prepare fresh — GSH oxidizes rapidly) |
| Sequence | N/A — γ-glutamyl tripeptide (non-standard peptide bond; see overview) |
| Name | Strength | Pack Size | Purity | Availability | Price (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glutathione | 600 mg | 10 vials | ≥98% | In Stock | $37.00 |
| Glutathione | 1500 mg | 10 vials | ≥98% | In Stock | $74.00 |
Testing method: HPLC / LC-MS (["HPLC","LC-MS","Endotoxins","Heavy Metals","Sterility","Water Content","Visible Particulates","Assay","Impurities","Microbiology"]). Every batch is tested before shipment. Purity ≥99% confirmed per batch.
Certificate of Analysis: Manufacturer COA. Documentation is available for every batch sold.
GSH is the reference intracellular antioxidant in oxidative stress research. Studies measure the GSH/GSSG (reduced/oxidized) ratio as a redox status indicator in cell culture and tissue homogenates. BSO (buthionine sulfoximine)-induced GSH depletion is a standard model for oxidative stress induction, and GSH repletion experiments define the contribution of the glutathione system to cellular protection against H₂O₂, lipid peroxides, and electrophilic compounds. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity assays use GSH as a substrate.
The liver contains the highest GSH concentrations of any tissue and is the primary site of glutathione synthesis and export to plasma. In hepatotoxicity research, GSH depletion — either by BSO treatment or reactive metabolite formation (e.g., acetaminophen-induced NAPQI) — and subsequent measurement of hepatocyte injury markers (ALT, LDH, caspase activity) are standard protocols. GSH repletion experiments define the threshold of GSH depletion required for cell death and the protective potential of various antioxidant interventions.
T lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and cytokine production are sensitive to intracellular GSH levels. Research has examined how GSH supplementation or depletion affects T cell receptor signaling, NF-κB activation, and cytokine profiles in antigen-stimulated lymphocyte cultures. Macrophage oxidative burst function — dependent on NADPH oxidase-derived ROS — is also studied in relationship to cellular GSH status, positioning glutathione as a tool in innate and adaptive immune research.
Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the biologically active antioxidant form with a free thiol. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is the disulfide-bonded dimer formed after GSH has donated electrons to neutralize reactive oxygen species. The GSH/GSSG ratio is the primary redox indicator in cellular research. We supply the reduced form (GSH) for antioxidant and redox research protocols.
GSH is rapidly oxidized to GSSG in aqueous solution upon exposure to dissolved oxygen, especially at neutral or alkaline pH and in the presence of metal ions. Freshly prepared GSH solutions (preferably in degassed, slightly acidic buffer) are required for accurate research results. Even refrigerated solutions should be used within hours. For longer storage, lyophilized GSH maintained at −20°C in the absence of moisture is stable.
Glutathione (reduced form) is supplied at 99%+ purity, verified by HPLC. Certificate of Analysis from the manufacturing facility is included with every batch.
Cell culture concentrations vary by application: 0.1-10 mM for oxidative stress rescue experiments, 1-5 mM for standard antioxidant supplementation studies. Note that extracellular GSH is taken up poorly by most cell types — the membrane-permeable ester form (GSH-EE, glutathione ethyl ester) is often preferred for intracellular delivery experiments.
For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. PeptidesFromChina.co is a B2B wholesale supplier operating under strict research-use-only terms. All products are sold exclusively for in vitro and preclinical research purposes.